Thursday, May 31, 2007
Wednesday, May 30, 2007
Communicating affect
“Above all, the cognitive system is infinitely more diverse and flexible that the affective system … But there are only a handful of emotions and feelings that can be felt, and they can be felt only in some few, very constrained ways … affect can be communicated much more efficiently and accurately than thought in spite of the fact its vocabulary is quite limited.” Zajonc, R.B. Feelings and Thinking: Preferences need no inferences, American Psychologist, 35, pp. 151-175. 1980.
Tuesday, May 29, 2007
Language lakes
“This article attempts to sketch out a view of language as a relational–linguistic spiral by discussing some implications of the thought of Ludwig Wittgenstein for language in general. Language is cast as a spiral which revolves around a center of 'human relationality' that anchors all our speech and concepts but which revolves in an ever–widening way into an arena of meaning we call language. Language creates linguistic space for experience and invites one into these new experiences. The borders of our language are thus not the absolute limits of our world but the admitted limits of our experience …” Timothy J Crutcher (2002) The Relational-Linguistic Spiral: A Model of Language for Theology The Heythrop Journal 43 (4), 463–479.
Sunday, May 27, 2007
Friday, May 25, 2007
Thursday, May 24, 2007
Wednesday, May 23, 2007
Rothko green tendency
“A painting by artist Mark Rothko broke the record for postwar art by more than a little at an auction at Sotheby's in New York when it sold for $72.8 million dollars on Tuesday. Although "White Center (Yellow, Pink, and Lavender on Rose)," was expected to go for high dollars (presale estimates had put it around $40 million), the over-the-top boost can most likely be attributed to the big name of owner and seller David Rockefeller Sr. -- who says he plans to donate the proceeds of the sale to charity.” Rigel Gregg, Luxist, May 18th.
Monday, May 21, 2007
Broad conditionals
“A comparative model fitting exercise is presented that shows that a conditional probability model can explain as much of the data on abstract indicative conditional reasoning tasks as psychological theories that supplement material implication with various rationally unjustified processing assumptions. Consequently, when people are asked to solve laboratory reasoning tasks, they can be seen as simply generalising their everyday probabilistic reasoning strategies to this novel context.” Mike Oaksford, Nick Chater (2003) Conditional Probability and the Cognitive Science of Conditional Reasoning Mind & Language 18 (4), 359–379.
Saturday, May 19, 2007
Sexual identity
“Animal germ cells differentiate as sperm or eggs, depending on their sex. Somatic signals tell germ cells whether they reside in a male or female body, but how do germ cells interpret those external cues to acquire their own sexual identity? A critical aspect of a germ cell's sexual puzzle is that the sperm/egg decision is closely linked to the cell-cycle decision between mitosis and meiosis.” Judith Kimble, J. and Page, D. The Mysteries of Sexual Identity: The Germ Cell's Perspective, Science 20 April 2007, V. 216, no. 5823, p. 351.
Thursday, May 17, 2007
Resignation
“… turnover as measured by intentions to resign, and its relationship with multiple commitments in the organization, is the focus of this study. The first objective was to compare the impact of four constituent-specific commitments (commitment to the organization, job, profession and supervisor), termed 'employee commitment', on intentions to resign … The empirical results show that the impact of commitment to the profession on intentions to resign is the most influential …” Boshoff, C. and G. Mels (2000) The Impact of Multiple Commitments on Intentions to Resign: an Empirical Assessment British Journal of Management 11 (3), 255–272.
Tuesday, May 15, 2007
Facing teh peak
“The world's production of oil will peak, everyone agrees. Sometime in the coming decades, the amazing machinery of oil production that doubled world oil output every decade for a century will sputter. Output will stop rising, even as demand continues to grow. The question is when.” Kerr, R. Science 20 April 2007: Vol. 316. no. 5823, p. 351 DOI: 10.1126/science.316.5823.351.
Wednesday, May 09, 2007
Tuesday, May 08, 2007
On the social structure of war
“A new program at the U.S. Department of Defense would support research on how local populations behave in a war zone … The approach represents a broader and more scientific way to achieve military objectives than by using force alone, according to Young. "The military is used to thinking about bombs, aircraft, and guns," he says. "This is about creating a population environment where people feel that they have a voice and opportunity." … Once developed in academic labs, the software would be installed in command and control systems.” Science 27 April 2007: Vol. 316. no. 5824, pp. 534 – 535. CROSS-CULTURAL RESEARCH: Pentagon Asks Academics for Help in Understanding Its Enemies, Yudhijit Bhattacharjee.
Sunday, May 06, 2007
Pole adventure
“Yesterday’s report on global warming from the world’s most authoritative voice on climate change asserts that significant progress toward stabilizing and reducing global warming emissions can be achieved at a relatively low cost using known technologies. This is a hugely important message to policy makers everywhere, not least those in the United States Congress. Many of them have been paralyzed by fears — assiduously cultivated by the Bush administration — that a full-scale attack on climate change could cripple the economy.” The New York Times, May 5th.
Saturday, May 05, 2007
Procastination
“Procrastination is a prevalent and pernicious form of self-regulatory failure that is not entirely understood … Strong and consistent predictors of procrastination were task aversiveness, task delay, self-efficacy, and impulsiveness, as well as conscientiousness and its facets of self-control, distractibility, organization, and achievement motivation. These effects prove consistent with temporal motivation theory, an integrative hybrid of expectancy theory and hyperbolic discounting.”
Steel, P. The Nature of Procrastination: A Meta-Analytic and Theoretical Review of Quintessential Self-Regulatory Failure. Psychological Bulletin. 2007 Jan Vol 133(1) 65-94.
Tuesday, May 01, 2007
Over-optimism trap
“People are often presumed to be vulnerable to a desirability bias, namely, a tendency to be overoptimistic about a future outcome as a result of their preferences or desires for that outcome. In this article, this form of wishful thinking is distinguished from the more general concepts of motivated reasoning and overoptimism, and the evidence for this bias is reviewed … The potential for desires to depress rather than enhance optimism is discussed …” Krizan, Z. and Windschitl, P. D. The Influence of Outcome Desirability on Optimism, Psychological Bulletin. 2007 Jan Vol 133(1) 95-12.